To ask the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, on which occasions he or Ministers of his Department have met the manufacturers of Cow and Gate infant formula in each of the last five years.
To ask the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, on which occasions he or Ministers of his Department have met the manufacturers of Cow and Gate infant formula in each of the last five years.
Details of all Ministerial meetings with external stakeholders are published quarterly in arrears on the GOV.UK website at:
https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/ministerial-gifts-hospitality-overseas-travel-and-meetings
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, if he will bring forward legislative proposals to safeguard the welfare of (a) dairy cows, (b) beef cattle, (c) sheep, (d) ducks, (e) turkeys, (f) farmed fish, (g) decapod crustaceans and (h) cephalopods after the UK leaves the...
To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, if he will bring forward legislative proposals to safeguard the welfare of (a) dairy cows, (b) beef cattle, (c) sheep, (d) ducks, (e) turkeys, (f) farmed fish, (g) decapod crustaceans and (h) cephalopods after the UK leaves the...
The UK already has some of the highest standards of animal welfare, underpinned by existing legislation and farmed animal welfare codes.
This Government has made clear that we intend to retain our existing environmental and animal welfare standards once we have left the EU.
The EU (Withdrawal) Act will convert the existing body of EU environmental and animal welfare law into UK law.
We are committed to maintaining our high animal welfare standards and to keep improving where possible.
I think the hon. Gentleman for that intervention, but of course she did no such thing. The people of Scotland went into the referendum in September 2014 in the full knowledge that a referendum on our membership of the European Union was coming down the tracks. It had been promised...
I think the hon. Gentleman for that intervention, but of course she did no such thing. The people of Scotland went into the referendum in September 2014 in the full knowledge that a referendum on our membership of the European Union was coming down the tracks. It had been promised...
It is a pleasure to follow the hon. Member for Morecambe and Lunesdale (David Morris), who has perhaps taught us that the Union is more complicated than rocket science.
What is our Union based on? Is it based on history, reality, identity, economics, cultural friendship or kinship—or is it based on...
It is a pleasure to follow the hon. Member for Morecambe and Lunesdale (David Morris), who has perhaps taught us that the Union is more complicated than rocket science.
What is our Union based on? Is it based on history, reality, identity, economics, cultural friendship or kinship—or is it based on...
The current framework means that last year the number of affordable homes provided under section 106 agreements was only half the 32,000 peak in Labour’s last year in office. Despite that, Southwark’s Labour council has built 535 council homes in just four years, with over 1,000 more in the pipeline. However, the waiting list is 11,000, so will the Minister tell us whether right to buy will now be banned for those seeking not a home to live in, but a cash cow to rent out? Will he also say how the imminent Green Paper will empower Southwark to build the genuinely affordable council homes that local people need?
The current framework means that last year the number of affordable homes provided under section 106 agreements was only half the 32,000 peak in Labour’s last year in office. Despite that, Southwark’s Labour council has built 535 council homes in just four years, with over 1,000 more in the pipeline. However, the waiting list is 11,000, so will the Minister tell us whether right to buy will now be banned for those seeking not a home to live in, but a cash cow to rent out? Will he also say how the imminent Green Paper will empower Southwark to build the genuinely affordable council homes that local people need?
The right to buy has been a powerful and important initiative in ensuring that people have places that they can call their home. We will set out an approach in the new NPPF that will reduce delays from the use of viability assessments to negotiate developer contributions by front-loading that. The Government are taking steps to speed up home delivery, which is something the hon. Gentleman should welcome.
My Lords, I say at the outset how much I am looking forward to the maiden speech of the noble Baroness, Lady Boycott, with all her expertise. We hope to hear a lot of her expertise in the years to come.
I start by recounting the story of Labour’s deputy leader...
My Lords, I say at the outset how much I am looking forward to the maiden speech of the noble Baroness, Lady Boycott, with all her expertise. We hope to hear a lot of her expertise in the years to come.
I start by recounting the story of Labour’s deputy leader...
As my hon. Friend the Member for Ochil and South Perthshire (Luke Graham) said, we were elected last year on a manifesto commitment to take our country, the United Kingdom, out of the European Union, the single market and the customs union, and to do so in a way that...
As my hon. Friend the Member for Ochil and South Perthshire (Luke Graham) said, we were elected last year on a manifesto commitment to take our country, the United Kingdom, out of the European Union, the single market and the customs union, and to do so in a way that...
I welcome the contribution of the Scottish Government to the Aberdeen city region deal, but the hon. Lady must acknowledge that the deal would not have happened if the UK Government had not driven it ahead.
For goodness sake, give me strength. The argument about the financial transactions capital funding is...
I welcome the contribution of the Scottish Government to the Aberdeen city region deal, but the hon. Lady must acknowledge that the deal would not have happened if the UK Government had not driven it ahead.
For goodness sake, give me strength. The argument about the financial transactions capital funding is...
I am grateful for the hon. Gentleman’s interest in this issue. Although I agree that it would be great to see more Members of Parliament in the Chamber, one of the problems is that this issue did not get the coverage or attention it deserves until relatively recently. I hope...
I am grateful for the hon. Gentleman’s interest in this issue. Although I agree that it would be great to see more Members of Parliament in the Chamber, one of the problems is that this issue did not get the coverage or attention it deserves until relatively recently. I hope...
One of the things that is important to many former child migrants is that this never happens to children again. The story that the hon. Gentleman tells, of a Government cowed by the power and the
patronage of those involved, is a story that quite honestly could be repeated today....
One of the things that is important to many former child migrants is that this never happens to children again. The story that the hon. Gentleman tells, of a Government cowed by the power and the
patronage of those involved, is a story that quite honestly could be repeated today....
To ask Her Majesty's Government what estimate they have made, if any, of the size of the dairy herd in England.
To ask Her Majesty's Government what estimate they have made, if any, of the size of the dairy herd in England.
The size of the dairy herd in England in 2017 was 1.2 million animals. The dairy herd is defined as dairy cows aged two years and over with offspring.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.58248/PN578
POSTnotes are based on literature reviews and interviews with a range of stakeholders, and are externally peer reviewed. POST would like to thank interviewees and peer reviewers for kindly giving up their time during the preparation of this briefing, including:
*Denotes those who acted as external reviewers of the briefing.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.58248/PN578
My Lords, it is already apparent that this debate has raised the opportunity for significant injustices and gross underperformance to be noted in this House. I declare two previous interests: first, as a founding member of the Metropolitan Police advisory committee appointed by the noble Lord, Lord Howard, in 1990;...
My Lords, it is already apparent that this debate has raised the opportunity for significant injustices and gross underperformance to be noted in this House. I declare two previous interests: first, as a founding member of the Metropolitan Police advisory committee appointed by the noble Lord, Lord Howard, in 1990;...
To ask the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, what assessment he has made of the extent to which healthy start vouchers cover the cost of powdered baby milk products.
To ask the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, what assessment he has made of the extent to which healthy start vouchers cover the cost of powdered baby milk products.
The Healthy Start scheme is a targeted scheme which helps to encourage a healthy diet for pregnant women, families and children under four from low income households. Healthy Start beneficiaries receive one £3.10 voucher every week. Children aged under one receive two vouchers, worth £6.20 in total, every week. These vouchers can be used to buy, or put towards the cost of:
- Plain cow’s milk - whole, semi-skimmed or skimmed. It can be pasteurised, sterilised long-life or UHT.
- Plain fresh or frozen fruit and vegetables. These can be whole, chopped, packaged or loose.
- Cow’s milk-based infant formula milk. This must be labelled as suitable for use from birth.
The Department has made no assessment as to whether Healthy Start vouchers cover the cost of powdered baby milk products.
I beg to move,
That this House has considered the provision of healthcare on English islands.
It is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Mr Hanson. I thank the Speaker’s Office for granting this debate and the Minister for coming to respond to it.
I will outline three arguments. First, I will...
I beg to move,
That this House has considered the provision of healthcare on English islands.
It is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Mr Hanson. I thank the Speaker’s Office for granting this debate and the Minister for coming to respond to it.
I will outline three arguments. First, I will...
Yes, that is absolutely right. There are about 70 million day visits a year to national parks in this country, because of the landscape. Quite apart from the farming that goes on there, stewardship by upland farmers contributes to the fact that so many people want to visit those areas.
The...
Yes, that is absolutely right. There are about 70 million day visits a year to national parks in this country, because of the landscape. Quite apart from the farming that goes on there, stewardship by upland farmers contributes to the fact that so many people want to visit those areas.
The...
We think it is the most advanced and ambitious trade deal that the EU has produced so far. That is not to say that it could not have been more ambitious in some areas, such as services. There is, of course, room for improvement in the future.
Canada is an important...
We think it is the most advanced and ambitious trade deal that the EU has produced so far. That is not to say that it could not have been more ambitious in some areas, such as services. There is, of course, room for improvement in the future.
Canada is an important...
My Lords, this order designates the EU-Canada Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement, or CETA, as an EU treaty pursuant to Section 1(3) of the European Communities Act 1972. This is a necessary step towards UK ratification of the agreement and part of the process to be followed in laying the...
My Lords, this order designates the EU-Canada Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement, or CETA, as an EU treaty pursuant to Section 1(3) of the European Communities Act 1972. This is a necessary step towards UK ratification of the agreement and part of the process to be followed in laying the...
Norwich City football club supports safe standing, as do many of the fans. One concern many fans have, however, is that some clubs may use the increase in supply as a cash cow, to generate more money from sales, rather than increase the supply of tickets for those loyal fans,...
Norwich City football club supports safe standing, as do many of the fans. One concern many fans have, however, is that some clubs may use the increase in supply as a cash cow, to generate more money from sales, rather than increase the supply of tickets for those loyal fans,...
The House of Commons Library has developed a new classification of constituency and local authority areas according to the size of the settlements people live in. The classification is intended to assist in analysing data, and understanding differences, trends and inequalities across Great Britain. Each constituency and local authority is assigned to one of six categories, e.g. “Core City” or “Small Town”, which most closely matches its population distribution. This is intended to offer an alternative to rural/urban classifications in analysing variation.
Read our Insight article to see what this classification tells us about variation in house prices, population age and migration, and young people going to university.
(Classification summary; click for larger, or see downloads section for a a full-size pdf)
Classifying areas according to whether they are urban or rural is a familiar concept. Recently, however, interest has grown in the varying fortunes of different-sized settlements – for example, whether cities have fared better than towns since the financial crisis. Rural/urban classifications don’t always provide a good way of dividing between towns and cities – for example, Cardiff (population 350,000) and North Walsham (population 12,500) are both classified as ‘urban city and town’. So the urban/rural classification wouldn’t be able to tell us about variation between settlements of different sizes, since it classifies both small towns and large cities with the same broad brush.
Since there was no existing classification of constituencies & local authorities in terms of cities and towns, we set out to fill the gap. This classification provides an alternative way to analyse information for constituencies and local authorities. It is not intended as a replacement for other classifications: for many datasets, differences between urban and rural areas are the right thing to capture. But sometimes we can learn more by looking at variation between cities, towns, and villages. See our Insight article published today for some examples.
At its simplest, the classification categorises each constituency and local authority according to the type of settlement in which the largest proportion of its population lives. To achieve this, settlements are classified according to an adjusted version of the taxonomy recently developed by the Centre for Towns:
This classification isn’t intended to resolve long-standing disputes about which settlements deserve to be called ‘cities’, ‘towns’, or ‘villages’. In fact, it takes no account of the ceremonial definition of ‘city’, using the term only as a way to identify larger settlements. For instance, St Albans is identified as a ‘large town’ here because its population is 86,000 – even though it has city status. Luton, on the other hand, doesn’t have city status, but is classified here as an ‘Other City’ because its population is 225,000.
The precise division between ‘large’, ‘medium’ and ‘small’ towns is, to a large extent, subjective. The distinctions used here aim to provide a useful distribution of settlements across six categories for the purposes of analysis at constituency and local authority level.
Settlements classified in South Yorkshire
As noted above, we have made some changes to Centre for Towns' settlement taxonomy in order to create a classification of constituencies and local authorities which best captures variation between different types of areas. Most notably, we have added a new 'Other City' category which captures the largest settlements that are not Core Cities. Because of this, we also altered the thresholds for the lower settlements categories in order to maintain a good distribution of settlements. In addition, we have used only a single category for villages and small communities, since distinctions between smaller settlements are less salient at the constituency and local authority level. Smaller differences and additions to Centre for Towns' taxonomy are explained below.
The analysis matches almost 200,000 Census Output Areas to Built-up-areas and Built-up-area subdivisions* - geographies developed by the Office for National Statistics as part of the census. The set of output areas making up each Built-up-area and subdivision are the boundaries of the settlement for the purposes of this analysis. 2016 population estimates for output areas are then aggregated to estimate the population of each settlement.
The next step is to match each Output Area to a constituency and a local authority on a best-fit basis. Based on this, a population breakdown of each area is produced based on the settlements contained in the constituency.
An area’s City and Town Classification is the category that accounts for the largest percentage of the population. For example, 70% of Lancaster & Fleetwood constituency lives in a medium town, and 30% live in villages (or smaller settlements), so the constituency is classed as a ‘Medium Town’ constituency.
Constituencies classified in South Yorkshire
Some constituencies and local authorities contain a range of different settlement types, meaning that it’s difficult to assign them to a main City and Town Classification. For instance, Redcar and Cleveland local authority is an even split between Medium Town, Other City, Village, and Small Town. To aid with cases like this, a column is provided showing the percentage of the population in each constituency and local authority that lives in the primary classification. For many analyses using the classification it may be appropriate to exclude areas where a relatively small percentage of the population lives in the primary classification, as these may not be representative of the category. The main classification spreadsheets highlight each case where a summary classification does not account for the majority of the population. Alternatively, it may be appropriate to divide an area's data between multiple categories using the flat data sheets in the spreadsheet download.
Some towns form part of a larger conurbation with a core city. For example, the large town of Sutton Coldfield is ‘attached’ to Birmingham, the medium town of West Bridgford forms part of the Nottingham area, and the small town of Caterham is contiguous with London. Constituencies and local authorities in these areas are noted as being ‘in Conurbation’. This allows analysis of whether (for example) towns which are near to core cities have different experiences to towns which are not.
The ‘in conurbation’ flag is only used for towns near core cities – towns that are associated with non-core cities are not listed as conurbations. Also, the flag is used only in cases where towns are roughly contiguous with a core city – for example, while Morley is listed as being ‘in conurbation’ due to its proximity to Leeds, Halifax is not. Much like the decision about where to place the distinction between small/medium/large towns, the decision around whether to count areas as being ‘in conurbation’ is sometimes subjective.
Finally, for core cities only, a distinction is made between London and core cities outside of London. Since London’s population is greater than all other core cities combined, this allows analyses to correct for the fact that London is, on some indicators, unlike other core cities.
The boundaries of core cities include only their main administrative areas and not their broader built-up areas – e.g. the core city of Manchester includes only Manchester built up area subdivision and not Stockport, Salford, Trafford, etc. If you wish to look at trends for broader core cities, then you should include ‘in conurbation’ areas.
* Some of these details apply to England and Wales only: in Scotland, Datazones are used instead of Output Areas, and Localities instead of Built-up-Areas. Note that because built up areas are used as the basis for calculating populations, the populations used for each settlement won’t necessarily match other measures like parish boundaries.
The spreadsheet in the downloads section (below) contains the information needed to undertake your own research using the city & town classification of constituencies and local authorities. It includes:
The output area data is also available as a CSV download.
You can use spreadsheet software to match the geography codes provided with those used in published data, and then aggregate the data using city/town classifications. In Microsoft Excel, for instance, this may involve using the vlookup and pivot table functions.
Constituency and local authority data to use in analysis can be sourced from a range of publishers. We have aggregated a range of data on our website.
ONS Geography, boundary data and lookups
ONS, Population estimates for small areas, 2016
National Records of Scotland, Mid-2016 population estimates
Scottish Government, Settlement and Locality datasets
The House of Commons Library has developed a new classification of constituency and local authority areas according to the size of the settlements people live in. The classification is intended to assist in analysing data, and understanding differences, trends and inequalities across Great Britain. Each constituency and local authority is assigned to...
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