Counter-Terrorism Bill

moved Amendment No. 61A: 61A: After Schedule 6, insert the following new Schedule— ““Terrorist financing and money laundering Part 1 Conditions for giving a direction Conditions for giving a direction 1 (1) The Treasury may give a direction under this Schedule if one or more of the following conditions is met in relation to a country. (2) The first condition is that the Financial Action Task Force has advised that measures should be taken in relation to the country because of the risk of terrorist financing or money laundering activities being carried on— (a) in the country, (b) by the government of the country, or (c) by persons resident or incorporated in the country. (3) The second condition is that the Treasury reasonably believe that there is a risk that terrorist financing or money laundering activities are being carried on— (a) in the country, (b) by the government of the country, or (c) by persons resident or incorporated in the country, and that this poses a significant risk to the national interests of the United Kingdom. (4) The third condition is that the Treasury reasonably believe that— (a) the development or production of nuclear, radiological, biological or chemical weapons in the country, or (b) the doing in the country of anything that facilitates the development or production of any such weapons, poses a significant risk to the national interests of the United Kingdom. (5) The power to give a direction is not exercisable in relation to an EEA state. Main definitions 2 (1) ““Terrorist financing”” means— (a) the use of funds, or the making available of funds, for the purposes of terrorism, or (b) the acquisition, possession, concealment, conversion or transfer of funds that are (directly or indirectly) to be used or made available for those purposes. (2) ““Money laundering”” means an act which falls within section 340(11) of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 (c. 29). (3) ““Nuclear weapon”” includes a nuclear explosive device that is not intended for use as a weapon. (4) ““Radiological weapon”” means a device designed to cause destruction, damage or injury by means of the radiation produced by the decay of radioactive material. (5) ““Chemical weapon”” means a chemical weapon as defined by section 1(1) of the Chemical Weapons Act 1996 (c. 6), other than one whose intended use is only for permitted purposes (as defined by section 1(3) of that Act). (6) ““Biological weapon”” means anything within section 1(1)(a) or (b) of the Biological Weapons Act 1974 (c. 6). Part 2 Persons to whom a direction may be given Persons to whom a direction may be given 3 (1) A direction under this Schedule may be given to— (a) a particular person operating in the financial sector, (b) any description of persons operating in that sector, or (c) all persons operating in that sector. (2) In this Schedule ““relevant person””, in relation to a direction, means any of the persons to whom the direction is given. (3) A direction may make different provision in relation to different descriptions of relevant person. Persons operating in the financial sector 4 (1) Any reference in this Schedule to a person operating in the financial sector is to a credit or financial institution that— (a) is a United Kingdom person, or (b) is acting in the course of a business carried on by it in the United Kingdom. (2) This is subject to the exceptions in paragraph 6. Meaning of ““credit institution”” and ““financial institution”” 5 (1) ““Credit institution”” means— (a) a credit institution as defined in Article 4(1)(a) of the banking consolidation directive, or (b) a branch (within the meaning of Article 4(3) of that directive) located in an EEA state of— (i) an institution within sub-paragraph (a), or (ii) an equivalent institution whose head office is located in a non-EEA state, when it accepts deposits or other repayable funds from the public or grants credits for its own account (within the meaning of the banking consolidation directive). (2) ““Financial institution”” means— (a) an undertaking, including a money service business, when it carries out one or more of the activities listed in points 2 to 12 and 14 of Annex 1 to the banking consolidation directive, other than— (i) a credit institution; (ii) an undertaking whose only listed activity is trading for own account in one or more of the products listed in point 7 of Annex 1 to the banking consolidation directive where the undertaking does not have a customer, and for this purpose ““customer”” means a person who is not a member of the same group as the undertaking; (b) an insurance company duly authorised in accordance with the life assurance consolidation directive, when it carries out activities covered by that directive; (c) a person whose regular occupation or business is the provision to other persons of an investment service or the performance of an investment activity on a professional basis, when providing or performing investment services or activities (within the meaning of the markets in financial instruments directive), other than a person falling within Article 2 of that directive; (d) a collective investment undertaking, when marketing or otherwise offering its units or shares; (e) an insurance intermediary as defined in Article 2(5) of Directive 2002/92/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9th December 2002 on insurance mediation (other than a tied insurance intermediary as mentioned in Article 2(7) of that Directive), when it acts in respect of contracts of long-term insurance within the meaning given by article 3(1) of, and Part II of Schedule 1 to, the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Regulated Activities) Order 2001 (S.I. 2001/544); (f) a branch located in an EEA state of— (i) a person referred to in any of paragraphs (a) to (e), or (ii) a person equivalent to a person within any of those paragraphs whose head office is located in a non-EEA state, when carrying out any activity mentioned in that paragraph; (g) an insurance company (as defined by section 1165(3) of the Companies Act 2006 (c. 46)); (h) the National Savings Bank; (i) the Director of Savings, when money is raised under the auspices of the Director under the National Loans Act 1968 (c. 13). Exceptions 6 (1) For the purposes of this Schedule the following are not regarded as persons operating in the financial sector when carrying out any of the following activities— (a) a society registered under the Industrial and Provident Societies Act 1965 (c. 12), when it— (i) issues withdrawable share capital within the limit set by section 6 of that Act (maximum shareholding in society); or (ii) accepts deposits from the public within the limit set by section 7(3) of that Act (carrying on of banking by societies); (b) a society registered under the Industrial and Provident Societies Act (Northern Ireland) 1969, when it— (i) issues withdrawable share capital within the limit set by section 6 of that Act (maximum shareholding in society); or (ii) accepts deposits from the public within the limit set by section 7(3) of that Act (carrying on of banking by societies); (c) a person within any of paragraphs 1 to 23 or 25 to 51 of the Schedule to the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Exemption) Order 2001 (S.I. 2001/1201), when carrying out an activity in respect of which the person is exempt; (d) a person who was an exempted person for the purposes of section 45 of the Financial Services Act 1986 (c. 60) (miscellaneous exemptions) immediately before its repeal, when exercising the functions specified in that section. (2) A person who falls within the definition of ““credit institution”” or ““financial institution”” solely as a result of engaging in financial activity on an occasional or very limited basis is not regarded for the purposes of this Schedule as operating in the financial sector. (3) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (2) a person is regarded as engaging in a financial activity on an occasional or very limited basis if— (a) the person's total annual turnover in respect of the financial activity does not exceed £64,000, (b) the financial activity is limited in relation to any customer to no more than one transaction exceeding 1,000 euro (whether the transaction is carried out in a single operation or a series of operations which appear to be linked), (c) the financial activity does not exceed 5% of the person's total annual turnover, (d) the financial activity is ancillary and directly related to the person's main activity, (e) the financial activity is not the transmission or remittance of money (or any representation of monetary value) by any means, (f) the person's main activity is not that of a credit or financial institution, and (g) the financial activity is provided only to customers of the person's main activity. Interpretation of this Part 7 In this Part of this Schedule— ““the banking consolidation directive”” means Directive 2006/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14th June 2006 relating to the taking up and pursuit of the business of credit institutions; ““the life assurance consolidation directive”” means Directive 2002/83/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5th November 2002 concerning life assurance; ““the markets in financial instruments directive”” means Directive 2004/39/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12th April 2004 on markets in financial instruments. Power to amend 8 (1) The Treasury may by order amend paragraphs 4 to 7. (2) Any such order is subject to negative resolution procedure. Part 3 Requirements that may be imposed by a direction Requirements that may be imposed by a direction 9 (1) A direction under this Schedule may impose requirements in relation to transactions or business relationships with— (a) a person carrying on business in the country; (b) the government of the country; (c) a person resident or incorporated in the country. (2) The direction may impose requirements in relation to— (a) a particular person within sub-paragraph (1), (b) any description of persons within that sub-paragraph, or (c) all persons within that sub-paragraph. (3) In this Schedule ““designated person””, in relation to a direction, means any of the persons in relation to whom the direction is given. (4) The kinds of requirement that may be imposed by a direction under this Schedule are specified in— paragraph 10 (customer due diligence); paragraph 11 (ongoing monitoring); paragraph 12 (systematic reporting); paragraph 13 (limiting or ceasing business). (5) A direction may make different provision— (a) in relation to different descriptions of designated person, and (b) in relation to different descriptions of transaction or business relationship. Customer due diligence 10 (1) A direction may require a relevant person to undertake enhanced customer due diligence measures— (a) before entering into a transaction or business relationship with a designated person, and (b) during a business relationship with such a person. (2) The direction may do either or both of the following— (a) impose a general obligation to take enhanced customer due diligence measures; (b) require a relevant person to undertake specific measures identified or described in the direction. (3) ““Customer due diligence measures”” means measures to— (a) establish the identity of the designated person, (b) obtain information about— (i) the designated person and their business, and (ii) the source of their funds, and (c) assess the risk of the designated person being involved in relevant activities. (4) In sub-paragraph (3)(c) ““relevant activities”” means— (a) terrorist financing; (b) money laundering; or (c) the development or production of nuclear, radiological, biological or chemical weapons or the facilitation of that development or production. (5) A direction may not impose requirements of a kind mentioned in this paragraph on a person who is regarded as operating in the financial sector by virtue only of paragraph 5(2)(g) (certain insurance companies). Ongoing monitoring 11 (1) A direction may require a relevant person to undertake enhanced ongoing monitoring of any business relationship with a designated person. (2) The direction may do either or both of the following— (a) impose a general obligation to undertake enhanced ongoing monitoring; (b) require a relevant person to undertake specific measures identified or described in the direction. (3) ““Ongoing monitoring”” of a business relationship means— (a) keeping up to date information and documents obtained for the purposes of customer due diligence measures, and (b) scrutinising transactions undertaken during the course of the relationship (and, where appropriate, the source of funds for those transactions) to ascertain whether the transactions are consistent with the relevant person’s knowledge of the designated person and their business. (4) A direction may not impose requirements of a kind mentioned in this paragraph on a person who is regarded as operating in the financial sector by virtue only of paragraph 5(2)(g) (certain insurance companies). Systematic reporting 12 (1) A direction may require a relevant person to provide such information and documents as may be specified in the direction relating to transactions and business relationships with designated persons. (2) A direction imposing such a requirement must specify how the direction is to be complied with, including— (a) the person to whom the information and documents are to be provided, and (b) the period within which, or intervals at which, information and documents are to be provided. (3) The power conferred by this paragraph is not exercisable in relation to information or documents in respect of which a claim to legal professional privilege (in Scotland, to confidentiality of communications) could be maintained in legal proceedings. (4) The exercise of the power conferred by this paragraph and the provision of information under it is not otherwise subject to any restriction on the disclosure of information, whether imposed by statute or otherwise. Limiting or ceasing business 13 A direction may require a relevant person not to enter into or continue to participate in— (a) a specified transaction or business relationship with a designated person, (b) a specified description of transactions or business relationships with a designated person, or (c) any transaction or business relationship with a designated person. Part 4 Procedural provisions and licensing General directions to be given by order 14 (1) A direction given to— (a) a description of persons operating in the financial sector, or (b) all persons operating in that sector, must be contained in an order made by the Treasury. (2) If the order contains requirements of a kind mentioned in paragraph 13 (limiting or ceasing business)— (a) it must be laid before Parliament after being made, and (b) if not approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament before the end of 28 days beginning with the day on which it is made, it ceases to have effect at the end of that period. In calculating the period of 28 days, no account is to be taken of any time during which Parliament is dissolved or prorogued or during which both Houses are adjourned for more than 4 days. (3) An order’s ceasing to have effect in accordance with sub-paragraph (2) does not affect anything done under the order. (4) An order to which sub-paragraph (2) does not apply is subject to negative resolution procedure. (5) If apart from this sub-paragraph an order under this paragraph would be treated for the purposes of the standing orders of either House of Parliament as a hybrid instrument, it is to proceed in that House as if it were not such an instrument. Specific directions: notification and duration of directions 15 (1) This paragraph applies in relation to a direction given to a particular person. (2) The Treasury must give notice of the direction to the person. (3) The direction (if not previously revoked and whether or not varied) ceases to have effect at the end of the period of one year beginning with the day on which the direction is given. This is without prejudice to the giving of a further direction. (4) The Treasury may vary or revoke the direction at any time. (5) Where the direction is varied or ceases to have effect (whether on revocation or otherwise), the Treasury must give notice of that fact to the person. General directions: publication and duration of directions 16 (1) This paragraph applies to an order containing directions under paragraph 14 (general directions given by order). (2) The Treasury must take such steps as they consider appropriate to publicise the making of the order. (3) An order— (a) revoking the order, or (b) varying the order so as to make its provisions less onerous, is subject to negative resolution procedure. (4) The order (if not previously revoked and whether or not varied) ceases to have effect at the end of the period of one year beginning with the day on which it was made. This is without prejudice to the making of a further order. (5) Where the order is varied or ceases to have effect (whether on revocation or otherwise), the Treasury must take such steps as they consider appropriate to publicise that fact. Directions limiting or ceasing business: exemption by licence 17 (1) The following provisions apply where a direction contains requirements of a kind mentioned in paragraph 13 (limiting or ceasing business). (2) The Treasury may grant a licence to exempt acts specified in the licence from those requirements. (3) A licence may be— (a) general or granted to a description of persons or to a particular person; (b) subject to conditions; (c) of indefinite duration or subject to an expiry date. (4) The Treasury may vary or revoke a licence at any time. (5) On the grant, variation or revocation of a licence, the Treasury must— (a) in the case of a licence granted to a particular person, give notice of the grant, variation or revocation to that person; (b) in the case of a general licence or a licence granted to a description of persons, take such steps as the Treasury consider appropriate to publicise the grant, variation or revocation of the licence. Part 5 Enforcement: information powers Enforcement authorities and officers 18 (1) In this Schedule ““enforcement authority”” means— (a) the Financial Services Authority (““the FSA””), (b) the Commissioners for Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (““HMRC””), (c) the Office of Fair Trading (““the OFT””), or (d) in relation to credit unions in Northern Ireland, the Department of Enterprise, Trade and Investment in Northern Ireland (““DETINI””). (2) In this Part of this Schedule ““enforcement officer”” means— (a) an officer of the FSA, including a member of the staff or an agent of the FSA, (b) an officer of Revenue and Customs, (c) an officer of the OFT, (d) an officer of DETINI acting for the purposes of its functions under this Schedule in relation to credit unions in Northern Ireland, or (e) a local enforcement officer. (3) A ““local enforcement officer”” means— (a) in Great Britain, an officer of a local weights and measures authority; (b) in Northern Ireland, an officer of DETINI acting pursuant to arrangements made with the OFT for the purposes of this Schedule. Power to require information or documents 19 (1) An enforcement officer may by notice to a relevant person require the person— (a) to provide such information as may be specified in the notice, or (b) to produce such documents as may be so specified. (2) An officer may exercise powers under this paragraph only if the information or documents sought to be obtained as a result are reasonably required in connection with the exercise by the enforcement authority for whom the officer acts of its functions under this Schedule. (3) Where an officer requires information to be provided or documents produced under this paragraph— (a) the notice must set out the reasons why the officer requires the information to be provided or the documents produced, and (b) the information must be provided or the documents produced— (i) before the end of such reasonable period as may be specified in the notice; and (ii) at such place as may be so specified. (4) In relation to a document in electronic form the power to require production of it includes a power to require the production of a copy of it in legible form or in a form from which it can readily be produced in visible and legible form. (5) An enforcement officer may take copies of, or make extracts from, any document produced under this paragraph. (6) The production of a document does not affect any lien which a person has on the document. Entry, inspection without a warrant etc 20 (1) Where an enforcement officer has reasonable cause to believe that any premises are being used by a relevant person in connection with the person’s business activities, the officer may on producing evidence of authority at any reasonable time— (a) enter the premises; (b) inspect the premises; (c) observe the carrying on of business activities by the relevant person; (d) inspect any document found on the premises; (e) require any person on the premises to provide an explanation of any document or to state where it may be found. (2) An enforcement officer may take copies of, or make extracts from, any document found under sub-paragraph (1). (3) An officer may exercise powers under this paragraph only if the information or document sought to be obtained as a result is reasonably required in connection with the exercise by the enforcement authority for whom the officer acts of its functions under this Schedule. (4) In this paragraph ““premises”” means any premises other than premises used only as a dwelling. Entry to premises under warrant 21 (1) A justice may issue a warrant under this paragraph if satisfied on information on oath given by an enforcement officer that there are reasonable grounds for believing that the first, second or third set of conditions is satisfied. (2) The first set of conditions is— (a) that there is on the premises specified in the warrant a document in relation to which a requirement could be imposed under paragraph 19(1)(b), and (b) that if such a requirement were to be imposed— (i) it would not be complied with, or (ii) the document to which it relates would be removed, tampered with or destroyed. (3) The second set of conditions is— (a) that a person on whom a requirement has been imposed under paragraph 19(1)(b) has failed (wholly or in part) to comply with it, and (b) that there is on the premises specified in the warrant a document that has been required to be produced. (4) The third set of conditions is— (a) that an enforcement officer has been obstructed in the exercise of a power under paragraph 20, and (b) that there is on the premises specified in the warrant a document that could be inspected under paragraph 20(1)(d). (5) A justice may issue a warrant under this paragraph if satisfied on information on oath given by an officer that there are reasonable grounds for suspecting that— (a) an offence under this Schedule has been, is being or is about to be committed by a relevant person, and (b) there is on the premises specified in the warrant a document relevant to whether that offence has been, or is being or is about to be committed. (6) A warrant issued under this paragraph shall authorise an enforcement officer— (a) to enter the premises specified in the warrant; (b) to search the premises and take possession of anything appearing to be a document specified in the warrant or to take, in relation to any such document, any other steps which may appear to be necessary for preserving it or preventing interference with it; (c) to take copies of, or extracts from, any document specified in the warrant; (d) to require any person on the premises to provide an explanation of any document appearing to be of the kind specified in the warrant or to state where it may be found; (e) to use such force as may reasonably be necessary. (7) Where a warrant is issued by a justice under sub-paragraph (1) or (5) on the basis of information on oath given by an officer of the FSA, for ““an enforcement officer”” in sub-paragraph (6) substitute ““a constable””. (8) In sub-paragraphs (1), (5) and (7), ““justice”” means— (a) in relation to England and Wales, a justice of the peace; (b) in relation to Scotland, a justice within the meaning of section 307 of the Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1995 (interpretation); (c) in relation to Northern Ireland, a lay magistrate. (9) In the application of this regulation to Scotland, the references in sub-paragraphs (1), (5) and (7) to information on oath are to be read as references to evidence on oath. Restrictions on powers 22 (1) This paragraph applies in relation to the powers conferred by— (a) paragraph 19 (power to require information or documents), (b) paragraph 20 (entry, inspection without warrant etc), or (c) paragraph 21 (entry to premises under warrant). (2) Those powers are not exercisable in relation to information or documents in respect of which a claim to legal professional privilege (in Scotland, to confidentiality of communications) could be maintained in legal proceedings. (3) The exercise of those powers and the provision of information or production of documents under them is not otherwise subject to any restriction on the disclosure of information, whether imposed by statute or otherwise. Failure to comply with information requirement 23 (1) If on an application made by— (a) an enforcement authority, or (b) a local weights and measures authority or DETINI pursuant to arrangements made with the OFT— (i) by or on behalf of the authority; or (ii) by DETINI, it appears to the court that a person (the ““information defaulter””) has failed to do something that they were required to do under paragraph 19(1), the court may make an order under this paragraph. (2) An order under this paragraph may require the information defaulter— (a) to do the thing that they failed to do within such period as may be specified in the order; (b) otherwise to take such steps to remedy the consequences of the failure as may be so specified. (3) If the information defaulter is a body corporate, a partnership or an unincorporated body of persons that is not a partnership, the order may require any officer of the body corporate, partnership or body, who is (wholly or partly) responsible for the failure to meet such costs of the application as are specified in the order. (4) In this paragraph ““the court”” means— (a) in England and Wales and Northern Ireland, the High Court or the county court; (b) in Scotland, the Court of Session or the sheriff court. Powers of local enforcement officers 24 (1) A local enforcement officer may only exercise powers under this Part of this Schedule pursuant to arrangements made with the OFT— (a) by or on behalf of the relevant local weights and measures authority, or (b) by DETINI. (2) Anything done or omitted to be done by, or in relation to, a local enforcement officer in the exercise or purported exercise of a power in this Part of this Schedule is treated for all purposes as if done or omitted to be done by, or in relation to, an officer of the OFT. (3) Sub-paragraph (2) does not apply for the purposes of criminal proceedings brought against the local enforcement officer, the relevant local weights and measures authority, DETINI or the OFT, in respect of anything done or omitted to be done by the officer. (4) A local enforcement officer must not disclose to any person other than the OFT and the relevant local weights and measures authority or, as the case may be, DETINI information obtained by the officer in the exercise of powers under this Part of this Schedule unless— (a) the officer has the approval of the OFT to do so, or (b) the officer is under a duty to make the disclosure. (5) In this paragraph ““the relevant local weights and measures authority””, in relation to a local enforcement officer, means the authority of which the officer is an officer. Part 6 Enforcement: civil penalties Power to impose civil penalties 25 (1) An enforcement authority may impose a penalty of such amount as it considers appropriate on a person who fails to comply with a requirement imposed— (a) by a direction under this Schedule, or (b) by a condition of a licence under paragraph 17. For this purpose ““appropriate”” means effective, proportionate and dissuasive. (2) No such penalty is to be imposed if the authority is satisfied that the person took all reasonable steps and exercised all due diligence to ensure that the requirement would be complied with. (3) In deciding whether to impose a penalty for failure to comply with a requirement, an enforcement authority must consider whether the person followed any relevant guidance which was at the time— (a) issued by a supervisory authority or any other appropriate body, (b) approved by the Treasury, and (c) published in a manner approved by the Treasury as suitable in their opinion to bring the guidance to the attention of persons likely to be affected by it. (4) In sub-paragraph (3) ““appropriate body”” means a body which regulates or is representative of any trade, profession, business or employment carried on by the person. (5) A person on whom a penalty is imposed under this paragraph is not liable to be proceeded against for an offence under paragraph 30 in respect of the same failure. Imposition of penalty by HMRC: procedure and reviews 26 (1) This paragraph applies where HMRC decide to impose a penalty under paragraph 25 on a person. (2) HMRC must give the person notice of— (a) their decision to impose the penalty and its amount, (b) the reasons for imposing the penalty, (c) the right to a review under this paragraph, and (d) the right to appeal under paragraph 28. (3) The person may by notice to HMRC require them to review their decision. (4) A notice requiring a review may not be given after the end of the period of 45 days beginning with the day on which HMRC first gave the person notice under sub-paragraph (2). (5) On a review under this paragraph, HMRC must either— (a) confirm the decision, or (b) withdraw or vary the decision and take such further steps (if any) in consequence of the withdrawal or variation as they consider appropriate. (6) Where HMRC do not, within the period of 45 days beginning with the day the notice under sub-paragraph (3) was given, give notice to the person of their determination of the review, they are to be taken to have confirmed their decision. Imposition of penalty by other enforcement authority: procedure 27 (1) This paragraph applies if the FSA, the OFT or DETINI (““the authority””) proposes to impose a penalty under paragraph 25 on a person. (2) The authority must give the person notice of— (a) the proposal to impose the penalty and the proposed amount, (b) the reasons for imposing the penalty, and (c) the right to make representations to the authority within a specified period (which may not be less than 28 days). (3) The authority must then decide, within a reasonable period, whether to impose a penalty under paragraph 25 and must give the person notice— (a) if it decides not to impose a penalty, of that decision; (b) if it decides to impose a penalty, of the following matters— (i) the decision to impose a penalty and the amount, (ii) the reasons for the decision, and (iii) the right to appeal under paragraph 28. Appeal against imposition of civil penalty 28 (1) A person may appeal to the tribunal against— (a) a decision of HMRC on a review under paragraph 26; (b) a decision of the FSA or the OFT under paragraph 27. (2) A person may appeal to the High Court in Northern Ireland against a decision of DETINI under paragraph 27. (3) On the appeal the tribunal or court may— (a) set aside the decision appealed against, and (b) impose any penalty that could have been imposed by the body whose decision is appealed or remit the matter to that body. (4) An appeal against a decision of HMRC may not be made after the end of the period of 30 days beginning with— (a) the date of the document notifying the person of the decision, or (b) if paragraph 26(6) (deemed confirmation of decision) applies, the day after the end of the period mentioned there. (5) In this section ““the tribunal”” means the First-tier Tribunal or, where so provided by or determined under Tribunal Procedure Rules, the Upper Tribunal. (6) The Treasury may by order provide that, until a time specified in the order, appeals under sub-paragraph (1) are to be made— (a) in the case of a decision of HMRC, to a VAT and duties tribunal; (b) in the case of a decision of the FSA, to the Financial Services and Markets Tribunal; (c) in the case of a decision of the OFT, to the Consumer Credit Appeals Tribunal; (rather than to the tribunal). (7) An order under sub-paragraph (6) may provide that any enactment applies (with or without modifications) in relation to an appeal to a tribunal mentioned in paragraph (a), (b) or (c) of that sub-paragraph. (8) Such an order is subject to negative resolution procedure. Payment and recovery of civil penalties 29 (1) A penalty imposed under paragraph 25 is payable to the enforcement authority that imposed it. (2) Any such penalty is a debt due to the authority and is recoverable accordingly. Part 7 Enforcement: offences Offences: failure to comply with requirement imposed by direction 30 (1) A person who fails to comply with a requirement imposed by a direction under this Schedule commits an offence, subject to the following provisions. (2) No offence is committed if the person took all reasonable steps and exercised all due diligence to ensure that the requirement would be complied with. (3) In deciding whether a person has committed an offence under this paragraph the court must consider whether the person followed any relevant guidance that was at the time— (a) issued by a supervisory authority or any other appropriate body, (b) approved by the Treasury, and (c) published in a manner approved by the Treasury as suitable in their opinion to bring the guidance to the attention of persons likely to be affected by it. (4) In sub-paragraph (3) ““appropriate body”” means a body that regulates or is representative of any trade, profession, business or employment carried on by the alleged offender. (5) A person guilty of an offence under this paragraph is liable— (a) on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding the statutory maximum; (b) on conviction on indictment, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or a fine or both. (6) A person who is convicted of an offence under this paragraph is not liable to a penalty under paragraph 25 in respect of the same failure. Offences in connection with licences 31 (1) A person commits an offence who for the purpose of obtaining a licence under paragraph 17— (a) provides information that is false in a material respect or a document that is not what it purports to be, and (b) knows that, or is reckless as to whether, the information is false or the document is not what it purports to be. (2) A person guilty of an offence under this paragraph is liable on conviction on indictment to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or a fine or both. Extra-territorial application of offences 32 (1) An offence under this Schedule may be committed by a United Kingdom person by conduct wholly or partly outside the United Kingdom. (2) Nothing in this paragraph affects any criminal liability arising otherwise than under this paragraph. Prosecution of offences 33 (1) Proceedings for an offence under this Schedule may be instituted in England and Wales only by— (a) the FSA; (b) the Director of Revenue and Customs Prosecutions; (c) the OFT; (d) a local weights and measures authority; or (e) the Director of Public Prosecutions. (2) Proceedings for an offence under this Schedule may be instituted in Northern Ireland only by— (a) the FSA; (b) HMRC; (c) the OFT; (d) DETINI; or (e) the Director of Public Prosecutions for Northern Ireland. (3) In section 168(4) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (appointment by FSA of persons to carry out investigation), after paragraph (b) insert— ““(ba) a person may be guilty of an offence under Schedule (Terrorist financing and money laundering) to the Counter-Terrorism Act 2008 (terrorist financing or money laundering);””. (4) In section 402(1) of that Act (power of FSA to institute proceedings), omit the ““or”” before paragraph (b) and after that paragraph insert— ““or (c) Schedule (Terrorist financing and money laundering) to the Counter-Terrorism Act 2008 (terrorist financing or money laundering).””. (5) after ““money laundering”” insert ““or Schedule (Terrorist financing and money laundering) to the Counter-Terrorism Act 2008 (terrorist financing or money laundering)””. (6) HMRC may conduct a criminal investigation into any offence under this Schedule. (7) In sub-paragraph (5) ““criminal investigation”” has the meaning given by section 35(5)(b) of the Commissioners for Revenue and Customs Act 2005 (c. 11). Jurisdiction to try offences 34 (1) Where an offence under this Schedule is committed (whether committed in the United Kingdom or elsewhere)— (a) proceedings for the offence may be taken at any place in the United Kingdom, and (b) the offence may for all incidental purposes be treated as having been committed at any such place. (2) Section 1(6A) of the Justice and Security (Northern Ireland) Act 2007 (c. 6) (restriction on issue of certificate for trial without jury) applies to proceedings taken in Northern Ireland by virtue only of this paragraph as it applies to proceedings so taken by virtue only of section 29 of this Act. Time limit for summary proceedings 35 (1) An information relating to an offence under this Schedule that is triable by a magistrates' court in England and Wales may be so tried if it is laid— (a) at any time within three years after the commission of the offence, and (b) within twelve months after the date on which evidence sufficient in the opinion of the prosecutor to justify the proceedings comes to the knowledge of the prosecutor. (2) Summary proceedings in Scotland for an offence under this Schedule— (a) must not be commenced after the expiration of three years from the commission of the offence; (b) subject to that, may be commenced at any time within twelve months after the date on which evidence sufficient in the Lord Advocate's opinion to justify the proceedings came to the knowledge of the Lord Advocate. Section 136(3) of the Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1995 (c. 46) (date when proceedings deemed to be commenced) applies for the purposes of this sub-paragraph as for the purposes of that section. (3) A magistrates' court in Northern Ireland has jurisdiction to hear and determine a complaint charging the commission of a summary offence under this Schedule provided that the complaint is made— (a) within three years from the time when the offence was committed, and (b) within twelve months from the date on which evidence sufficient in the opinion of the prosecutor to justify the proceedings comes to the knowledge of the prosecutor. (4) For the purposes of this paragraph a certificate of the prosecutor (or, in Scotland, the Lord Advocate) as to the date on which such evidence as is referred to above came to their notice is conclusive evidence. Liability of officers of bodies corporate etc 36 (1) If an offence under this Schedule committed by a body corporate is shown— (a) to have been committed with the consent or the connivance of an officer of the body corporate, or (b) to be attributable to any neglect on the part of any such officer, the officer as well as the body corporate is guilty of an offence and liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly. (2) If an offence under this Schedule committed by a partnership is shown— (a) to have been committed with the consent or the connivance of a partner, or (b) to be attributable to any neglect on the part of a partner, the partner as well as the partnership is guilty of an offence and liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly. (3) If an offence under this Schedule committed by an unincorporated association (other than a partnership) is shown— (a) to have been committed with the consent or the connivance of an officer of the association, or (b) to be attributable to any neglect on the part of any such officer, the officer as well as the association is guilty of an offence and liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly. (4) If the affairs of a body corporate are managed by its members, sub-paragraph (1) applies in relation to the acts and defaults of a member in connection with the member’s functions of management as if the member were a director of the body. (5) In this paragraph— ““officer””— (a) in relation to a body corporate, means a director, manager, secretary, chief executive, member of the committee of management, or a person purporting to act in such a capacity, and (b) in relation to an unincorporated association, means any officer of the association or any member of its governing body, or a person purporting to act in such capacity; ““partner”” includes a person purporting to act as a partner. Proceedings against unincorporated bodies 37 (1) Proceedings for an offence under this Schedule alleged to have been committed by a partnership or an unincorporated association must be brought in the name of the partnership or association (and not in that of its members). (2) In proceedings for such an offence brought against a partnership or unincorporated association— (a) section 33 of the Criminal Justice Act 1925 (c. 86) (procedure on charge of offence against corporation) and Schedule 3 to the Magistrates' Courts Act 1980 (corporations) apply as they do in relation to a body corporate; (b) section 70 of the Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1995 (proceedings against bodies corporate) applies as it does in relation to a body corporate; (c) section 18 of the Criminal Justice (Northern Ireland) Act 1945 (procedure on charge) and Schedule 4 to the Magistrates' Courts (Northern Ireland) Order 1981 (corporations) apply as they do in relation to a body corporate. (3) Rules of court relating to the service of documents have effect in relation to proceedings for an offence under this Schedule as if the partnership or association were a body corporate. (4) A fine imposed on the partnership or association on its conviction of such an offence is to be paid out of the funds of the partnership or association. Part 8 Supplementary and general Report to Parliament 38 (1) As soon as reasonably practicable after the end of each calendar year, the Treasury must— (a) prepare a report about their exercise during that year of their functions under this Schedule, and (b) lay a copy of the report before Parliament. (2) Sub-paragraph (1) does not apply in relation to a year if no direction under this Schedule is in force at any time in that year. Supervision by supervisory authority 39 (1) A supervisory authority must take appropriate measures to monitor persons operating in the financial sector for whom it is the supervisory authority for the purpose of securing compliance by those persons with the requirements of any directions under this Schedule. (2) For the purposes of this Schedule— (a) the FSA is the supervisory authority for— (i) credit institutions that are authorised persons; (ii) financial institutions (except money service businesses that are not authorised persons and consumer credit financial institutions); (b) the OFT is the supervisory authority for consumer credit financial institutions; (c) HMRC are the supervisory authority for money service businesses that are not authorised persons; (d) DETINI is the supervisory authority for credit unions in Northern Ireland. (3) Where under sub-paragraph (2) there is more than one supervisory authority for a person, the authorities may agree that one of them will act as the supervisory authority for that person for the purposes of this Schedule. (4) Where an agreement has been made under sub-paragraph (3), the authority that has agreed to act as the supervisory authority must— (a) where directions under this Schedule have been given to specified persons operating in the financial sector, notify those persons; (b) where such directions have been given to all persons operating in the financial sector or to a description of such persons, publish the agreement in such way as it considers appropriate. (5) Where no agreement has been made under sub-paragraph (3), the supervisory authorities for a person must co-operate in the performance of their functions under this paragraph. Functions of Financial Services Authority 40 The functions of the FSA under this Schedule shall be treated for the purposes of Parts 1, 2 and 4 of Schedule 1 to the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (c. 8) (general provisions relating to the Authority) as if they were functions conferred on the FSA under that Act. Notices 41 (1) A notice under this Schedule may be given to a person— (a) by posting it to the person’s last known address, or (b) where the person is a body corporate, partnership or unincorporated association, by posting it to the registered or principal office of the body, partnership or association. (2) Where the Treasury are under a duty to give a notice to a person but do not have an address for them, they must make arrangements for the notice to be given to the person at the first available opportunity. Crown application 42 (1) This Schedule binds the Crown, subject as follows. (2) No contravention by the Crown of a provision of this Schedule makes the Crown criminally liable. (3) The following courts may, on the application of a person appearing to the court to have an interest, declare unlawful any act or omission of the Crown that constitutes such a contravention— (a) the High Court in England and Wales; (b) the Court of Session; (c) the High Court in Northern Ireland. (4) Nothing in this section affects Her Majesty in her private capacity. This is to be construed as if section 38(3) of the Crown Proceedings Act 1947 (c. 44) (meaning of Her Majesty in her private capacity) were contained in this Schedule. Meaning of ““United Kingdom person”” 43 (1) In this Schedule ““United Kingdom person”” means a United Kingdom national or a body incorporated or constituted under the law of any part of the United Kingdom. (2) For this purpose a United Kingdom national is an individual who is— (a) a British citizen, a British overseas territories citizen, a British National (Overseas) or a British Overseas citizen; (b) a person who under the British Nationality Act 1981 is a British subject; or (c) a British protected person within the meaning of that Act. (3) Her Majesty may by Order in Council extend the definition in sub-paragraph (1) so as to apply to bodies incorporated or constituted under the law of any of the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or any British overseas territory. Interpretation 44 (1) In this Schedule— ““authorised person”” means a person who is authorised for the purposes of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (c. 8); ““business relationship”” means a business, professional or commercial relationship between a relevant person and a customer, which is expected by the relevant person, at the time when contact is established, to have an element of duration; ““conduct”” includes acts and omissions; ““consumer credit financial institution”” means a financial institution that under section 21 of the Consumer Credit Act 1974 (c. 39) requires a licence to carry on a consumer credit business, other than— (a) a person covered by a group licence issued by the Office of Fair Trading under section 22 of that Act, (b) a money service business, or (c) an authorised person; ““country”” includes territory; ““document”” means information recorded in any form; ““money service business”” means an undertaking which by way of business operates a currency exchange office, transmits money (or any representations of monetary value) by any means or cashes cheques which are made payable to customers; ““notice”” means a notice in writing. (2) In this Schedule any reference to an amount in one currency includes the equivalent amount in any other currency. (3) Unless otherwise defined, expressions used in this Schedule and in— (a) Directive 2005/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26th October 2005 on the prevention of the use of the financial system for the purpose of money laundering and terrorist financing, or (b) Commission Directive 2006/70/EC of 1st August 2006 laying down implementing measures for that directive, have the same meaning as in the relevant directive. Index of defined expressions 45 In this Schedule the following expressions are defined or otherwise explained by the provisions indicated— On Question, amendment agreed to. [Amendments Nos. 61AA to 61BA not moved.]